AKSU Journal of Communication Research (AJCR)

Health-Care Providers and Pregnant Women in Primary Health Care Setting in Lafia Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Author:  DAKARE, blessing Rabo & HOSEA Fwangmmun

Abstract
This study examined barriers to effective communication between health-care providers and pregnant women in primary health care facilities in Lafia Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria. A descriptive crosssectional survey research design was adopted. The population comprised pregnant women attending antenatal clinics and health-care providers in selected primary health care facilities in Lafia Local Government Area. Because the population was considered unknown, Cochran’s formula was used to determine a sample size of 384 respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire based on a 4-point Likert scale. The instrument was validated by experts in public health and research methodology, and a pilot test was conducted to ensure reliability. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequencies, percentages, tables, and weighted mean score (WMS). The findings revealed that accessibility of primary health care services influences antenatal attendance, with weighted mean scores between 3.15 and 3.22. Barriers to communication such as difficulty in understanding information, lack of clear explanations, low educational level, and cultural beliefs were significant, with weighted mean scores ranging from 3.05 to 3.13. Language differences also affected communication, while the use of local languages improved understanding, with weighted mean scores between 3.12 and 3.21. Health-care providers’ attitudes were found to significantly influence communication, as friendly attitudes improved interaction while negative attitudes discouraged open discussion, with weighted mean scores ranging from 3.08 to 3.24. Health system factors such as workload, overcrowding, and limited consultation time negatively affected communication, with weighted mean scores between 3.15 and 3.25. The study concluded that effective communication is essential for improving maternal health outcomes in primary health care facilities. It recommended improved accessibility of health services, use of simple and local languages, continuous training of health-care providers, and strengthening of staffing and infrastructure in health facilities.