AKSU Journal of Communication Research (AJCR)

Perception of Oil and Gas Industry Greenwashing among Residents of Akwa Ibom State

Author:  Ikanke Ime INYANG, Prof. Nevelyn William Batta & Akanimo Christian ATTANG

Abstract
This study examined residents’ awareness and perceptions of corporate greenwashing in the oil and gas industry in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, with particular focus on Seplat Energy and Sterling Oil Exploration and Energy Production Company (SEEPCO). Grounded in Social Judgement Theory and Framing Theory, the study adopted a survey research design. A sample of 400 respondents was drawn from oil-producing communities in the South Senatorial District using a multi-stage sampling technique, while 371 valid responses (93%) were analysed. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation. Findings revealed a relatively high level of awareness of greenwashing, with 51% of respondents indicating a reasonable extent of awareness. However, this awareness was largely experiential, shaped by environmental realities and media exposure, with noticeable gaps in the ability to distinguish genuine sustainability efforts from deceptive claims. The study further found a strong negative perception of greenwashing practices, as respondents widely viewed corporate environmental communication as insincere, profit-driven, and characterised by selective disclosure and regulatory non-compliance. Factors influencing these perceptions included environmental awareness (84%), personal experience (78%), media influence (75%), and trust in institutions (62%). The study concludes that while awareness of greenwashing is considerable, it does not necessarily translate into evaluative competence, and that persistent inconsistencies between corporate claims and lived realities have eroded public trust. It recommends enhanced environmental education, improved corporate transparency, stricter regulatory enforcement, and strengthened media advocacy to promote accountability and sustainable environmental practices in the oil and gas sector.